Conditions Of Professional Activity Research Articles

In Memoriam: Valerii Semenovych Ponomarchuk

It is with deep regret that we share sad news of the passing of Professor Valerii Semenovych Ponomarchuk, Head of the Functional Diagnostics Department at the Filatov Institute of Eye Diseases and Tissue Therapy, Dr Sc (Med) and Merited Doctor of Ukraine, who died on 12 September 2023. Valerii Semenovych was born on June 2, 1948, in Mykolaiv region, Ukraine. After completing his secondary school education, he went on to Odesa Medical School in 1964 which he graduated with Honors to become a medical assistant. After graduating with Honors in General Medicine at the Pirogov Odesa Medical Institute, he began his career as a junior researcher at the Functional Diagnostics Laboratory, the Filatov Institute of Eye Diseases and Tissue Therapy, in 1974. Valerii Semenovych was promoted to senior researcher and head of the Functional Diagnostics Department in 1987, and remained at the head of the department until his death. His first significant academic achievement was defending his Cand Sc (Med) thesis, Loss of Intraocular Pressure Control Secondary to Effects Exerted on Limbic System Structures, in 1981. He defended his doctoral (Dr Sc (Med)) dissertation, Early Functional Changes in the Visual System and the Pathological Mechanisms of These Changes in Autonomic Nervous System Dysfunction, in 1995, and was awarded the title of professor in 1998. Professor Ponomarchuk was academic secretary for the Dissertation Defense Council specializing in ophthalmology, from 1996 to 2006; expert of the State Dissertation Defense Board in clinical medicine, from 2006 to 2012; and expert of the State Commission for Academic Degrees and Titles at the Ministry of Education, Science, Youth and Sport of Ukraine in clinical medicine (surgical disorders), from 2012 to 2014. In 2002, he was elected a Vice-President of the Ukrainian Ophthalmological Society. His research and practical activities were focused on the physiology of vision, early functional diagnosis of disorders of the eye and visual system, and efficacy of treating various eye diseases with low-intensity physical stimuli (e.g., electric stimulation, photic stimulation and muscle stimulation). Professor Ponomarchuk also conducted studies on the effects of autonomic nervous system dysfunction on the eye, and the results of these studies laid down the foundation for a new area of ophthalmology, vegetoophthalmology. He developed various sets of techniques (electrophysiology techniques; studies of the central and peripheral fields of vision, cerebral and ocular circulation, and light sensitivity) for pre-clinical diagnosis of visual system disorders and comprehensive color vision evaluation. These techniques are successfully used at the Filatov institute and many eye centers of Ukraine. Professor Ponomarchuk was an active inventor. In 1988, he began his collaboration with engineers of “Shtorm” Research Institute to develop a number of diagnostic and treatment devices (ophthalmological electric and photic stimulators “Fosfen”), which have been introduced in clinical practice and are now used in more than 250 locations in Ukraine and abroad. Valerii Semenovych originated the idea of phosphene effect-based electrodiagnostics of the major visual pathways in the mid-seventies, and since then, has been developing and implementing it into practice. At that time, the electrophysiology group at the Functional Diagnostics Laboratory used a 10-year-old diagnostic electric-pulse stimulator ELS-01. The outward appearance and methodological value of the device deteriorated year by year. In addition, attendees of laboratory-based refresher courses for ophthalmologists agreed that the methodology was appropriate but were dissatisfied that the device was not available on the market. In order to address their concern, Valerii Semenovych originated the idea to develop at least several diagnostic electric simulators. A technical design assignment for the device was developed, and Volodymyr Andriiovych Ivanov, a design engineer of “Shtorm” Research Institute, designed the device on the basis of this assignment. In 1988, a diagnostic electric-pulse stimulator was developed and named “Fosfen” (Phosphene) to denote the phenomenon employed in the operation of the device, a sensation of light produced by the effect of pulse current on the eye. The device has been successfully applied in the diagnostic assessment of tens of thousands patients with various eye and central nervous system diseases in various conditions of professional activity. Electric sensitivity of the visual system and critical frequency of phosphene disappearance were determined in patients with optic nerve atrophy, retinal disorders, ocular trauma and burns, amblyopia, refractive and accommodative abnormalities, systemic and regional vegetative dysfunction, etc. During thirty subsequent years, the device was improved with new functions and parameters that offered new diagnostic capabilities. Various types of “Fosfen” electric simulators were developed not only for diagnosis, but also for treatment of a number of visual system disorders. Since 1995, these ophthalmological stimulators have been twice exhibited and awarded a silver medal at the Exhibition of Economic Achievements of Ukraine in Kyiv. Hundreds of papers have been published, and dozens of reported have been presented at national and international conferences, and a number of Cand Sc (Med) theses and doctoral dissertations have been written by Valerii Semenovych and his colleagues on the basis of studies on the efficacy of a new method of diagnosis (“phosphene diagnostics”) and treatment (“phosphene stimulation”). Professor Ponomarchuk published around 300 articles, four monographs, and authored or co-authored 21 patents. He presented at numerous international conferences and congresses and published papers in journals in Bulgaria, Hungary, Poland, Russia, Spain, Italy and Germany. He was renowned for his unwavering commitment to mentorship of Ukrainian and foreign students, postdoctoral fellows, young investigators, and/or trainees specializing in ophthalmology. From 1998 to 2018, ten individuals (including those from India, Ghana, Syria and Tunis) completed their Cand Sc (Med) degrees, and one, a Dr Sc (Med) degree, under the supervision of Prof. Ponomarchuk. In addition, he reviewed 15 doctoral dissertations and 76 Cand Sc (Med) theses. Valerii Semenovych was successful in combining his research and clinical activities with mentorship and public activities. For years he has been delivering lectures and training sessions on physiology of the eye and methods of functional studies of the eye to doctors, post-graduate students, residents and students. From 1995 to 2000, he was professor at Physiology Department at the Mechnikov Odesa National University, with 37 term and diploma papers completed and defended under his supervision. For decades Professor Ponomarchuk has been editorial board member of the Journal of Ophthalmology (Ukraine). He has been involved in studying medicine and conducting healthcare activities at the city of Odesa for almost sixty years. Valerii Semenovych was a nice and bright person, gifted and hardworking scientist, wonderful clinician and talented mentor. He was admired for his kind heart, the way in which he cared about other people, brilliant mind, outstanding knowledge and hard work. His colleagues, pupils, listeners and patients respected him as a person of high professionalism and expertise, and great erudition and empathy. We extend our heartfelt condolences to the family and friends of Professor Ponomarchuk. Valerii Semenovych will truly be missed and will live in our hearts forever.  

The potential of innovative technologies in the formation of professional culture in future managers in the process of professional training in institutions of higher education

The article updates the need to research the potential of innovative technologies in the formation of professional culture among future managers in the process of professional training in institutions of higher education. It is noted that the professional culture includes various models of behavior in the conditions of professional activity, as well as such aspects of the general culture of the individual as literacy, competence, spirituality, tolerance, etc. The structural components of the manager's professional culture are characterized: personal, cognitive, operational. Attention is focused on the fact that the formation of the professional culture of managers is a rather complex process, since in the course of performing his duties, the manager simultaneously acts as both a subject and an object of management. Innovative technologies that can be successfully used in the process of forming the professional culture of a future manager in a higher education institution include empowerment and resilience. pragmatic aspects of management, and socio-psychological, personal components of professional activity. It was concluded that the empowerment-approach in training a manager allows to activate his strong personal and professional sides, to increase managerial efficiency in social interactions, to form resistance to professional burnout; the use of resilience technology ensures the absence of deviations in the adaptation and trajectory of the future manager's professional development, the stability of his functioning in extreme situations, the prevention of psychological disorders, in particular, emotional burnout.

ПЕДАГОГІЧНА ТВОРЧІСТЬ ЯК УМОВА ЕФЕКТИВНОЇ ЛОГОПЕДИЧНОЇ ДОПОМОГИ ДІТЯМ ДОШКІЛЬНОГО ВІКУ ІЗ ОСОБЛИВИМИ ОСВІТНІМИ ПОТРЕБАМИ

The article is devoted to the problem of studying pedagogical creativity as a condition for effective speech therapy for preschool children with special educational needs. The authors note that speech therapy for children with special educational needs has appeared in the Ukrainian education system relatively recently and describe the historical path of formation and development of this area of work. The article substantiates the importance of pedagogical creativity in the professional activity of a speech therapist. In particular, such a need is determined by the age and individual characteristics of preschool children (underdevelopment of the emotional and volitional sphere, acceleration of intellectual development, decrease in cognitive activity, gadgetization of leisure), saturation of the speech therapist's professional activity with pedagogical problems (strategic, tactical, situational), conditions of professional activity (continuity, systematicity, openness, publicity, strict regulation in time, dependence on methodological and technical equipment of the speech therapy center). The authors determine that solving the problem of high-quality professional training of future speech therapists is inextricably linked to the formation of their ability to create. The main role in this is assigned to teachers of higher education institutions. The professional training of a creative professional is realized by creating optimal psychological and pedagogical conditions, in particular, establishing favorable relationships between the teacher and the student, setting pedagogical goals for students, the achievement of which requires maximum expression of creativity, increasing the emotional intensity of the educational process. Key words: speech therapy, children with special educational needs, speech disorders, pedagogical creativity, creativity, professional training of a speech therapist, conditions for the development of creativity.

Transformation of the capabilities of higher school teachers in conditions of uncertainty: Problem statement

Introduction. In modern social and educational conditions, the process of uncertainty in pedagogical practice occurs at a rapid pace, due to the globalisation and digitalisation of education, as well as the COVID-19 pandemic. As a result, there are teachers’ transformations and new functions, which cannot affect their pedagogical capabilities; therefore, the article presents a problem on this issue.Aim. The aim of this problematic article is to consider from different points of view the phenomenon of uncertainty in pedagogical activity and the transformation of the functions of higher school teachers in the conditions of uncertainty caused by the digitalisation of education.Methodology and research methods. The work was based on the methodology of interdisciplinary analysis of theoretical sources, foreign and Russian pedagogical experience in the field of uncertainties; the method of questioning and interviewing teachers of higher education was used to identify attitudes to professional activity in conditions of uncertainty.Results and scientific novelty. In the course of the study, it was found that at the present stage of education development, the transformation of the functions of higher school teachers in conditions of uncertainty is not investigated either in Russian pedagogical practice or abroad due to the undeveloped theoretical provisions in this area of pedagogical activity. The problem is posed in the field of transformation of the capabilities and functions of higher school teachers in conditions of uncertainty from the perspective of different sciences. The scientific novelty of the research is the following developed provisions: 1) a new interpretation of the concept of “professional functions of a teacher” is proposed, including professional competence and professional activity of a teacher in a digital educational environment within his/her subject area at the university; 2) a pedagogical model of transformation of teacher functions in a digital educational environment is developed, including the functions of teaching, upbringing, methodological function, as well as the function of digital didactics and the digital competence function of the teacher; 3) the uncertainty factors and their content that influence the process of transformation of the functions of higher school teachers are identified: technological management of pedagogical activity; pedagogical practice without emotional contact between the subjects of the educational process; self-realisation in a virtual environment; the need for design thinking; personal growth of a teacher in a digital educational environment; transformation of the functions of managing their own pedagogical practice; 4) a classification of uncertainties encountered in the professional activities of higher school teachers has been developed based on two characteristics – belonging to professional educational activities and digital support of pedagogical practice.Practical significance. The proposed classification and uncertainty factors influencing the process of transformation of the functions of higher school teachers can be used in pedagogical practice to determine internal and external influences on teachers in the digital educational environment.

Вплив засобів рукопашного бою на розвиток фізичних якостей військовослужбовців

In today’s conditions, the new directions of combat training of units of the Armed Forces of Ukraine require from hand-to-hand combat the improvement of a set of means for training, education and formation of servicemen in technical, tactical, physical and mental readiness for actions in difficult conditions of close combat. the purposeof the study is to investigate changes in indicators of the development of general physical qualities based on the results of the implementation of the methodology of their development by means of hand-to-hand combat. Research methods: analysis and generalization of scientific and methodical literature, as well as methods of mathematical statistics. more than 70 sources of information were analyzed and 30 sources of literature were singled out, the material of which was processed using general scientific methods. 36 servicemen (EG=18 and CG=18) aged 17-24 took part in the experiment (19.6±0.2 years). Results. It has been established that special physical training as an educational discipline plays an important role in ensuring the training of military personnel and specialists of power structures with a high level of versatile physical and psychological readiness, capable of effectively and qualitatively solving assigned tasks, withstanding mental, neuropsychological and physical stress without reducing efficiency military professional activity. the results of the implementation of hand-to-hand combat means demonstrate the high efficiency of the developed system of physical training of military personnel for effective actions in the conditions of professional activity and conducting combat operations. Conclusions. It was established that there were positive changes in the experimental and control groups. the increase in general physical qualities in the control group is not significant, but it is in connection with the monitoring of the implementation of the program by military personnel, at the same time, in the experimental group, the increase in qualities is noticeable, this is due to the fact that the number of hours of physical training classes has increased and means of hand-to-hand combat have been added to general training of military personnel

REAL CLINICAL PRACTICE OF TREATMENT OF CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIAS IN LOCOMOTIVE CREW WORKERS

Cardiac arrhythmias create prerequisites for the occurrence of sudden cardiac death in the workplace, which poses a threat to the safety of train traffic. A targeted examination of locomotive crew workers (LCW) includes the diagnosis of cardiac arrhythmias for effective and safe pharmacotherapy. A retrospective analysis of 100 medical histories of machinists and assistant machinists hospitalized in the cardiology department of the Private healthcare institution "Clinical Hospital "Russian Railways-medicine" Voronezh", who have the following types of cardiac arrhythmias: supraventricular extrasystole (single 94%, paired 20%), single ventricular extrasystole 51%, paroxysmal form of atrial fibrillation 2%, conduction disorder 6%. According to the results of the examination, a group of LCW with prognostically unfavorable cardiac arrhythmias (32%) was identified, who underwent pharmacotherapy, including beta-blockers, antiarrhythmic drugs of class IC and class III. The choice of medications for pharmacotherapy in outpatient settings took into account the impact on professionally important functions according to the established List of "Medicines and traffic safety" (ed. from 2016). At discharge, 25% of patients were recommended nebivolol, which LCW could take in conditions of professional activity. Pharmacotherapy of drivers on an outpatient basis was continued with etacizine (3%), allapinine (2%), amiodarone (1%) with suspension from work for the period of taking the drug.

Comparative characteristics of ultradian rhythms of critical infrastructure employees under various conditions of professional activity

The article gives a comparative description of the ultradian rhythms of workers in critical infrastructures in various conditions of professional activity. In connection with the need to conduct repair and adjustment work, workers in critical infrastructures carry out their labor activities, often migrating to areas remote from their permanent place of residence. The study of the relevance to the health and functional capabilities of the body of workers in critical infrastructures according to ultradian rhythms has not been sufficiently studied. The study used the software-statistical complexes “Varicard” and “HolterLive” in the statistical processing “ISCIM6.0”. The HRV indicators were studied in a group of ground service workers in the usual natural and climatic production conditions and in a group of landing on the Arctic islands to perform repair and adjustment work. Studies have established that both groups experienced an energy-deficient state, which reduces resistance and causes an overstrain of the adaptation mechanisms of the autonomic nervous system in controlling the regulation of the heart rhythm. The results of the study showed that intense workload in extreme conditions of extreme professional activity negatively affects the state of health characteristic of maladaptation.

Система профессиональной подготовки психологов МЧС России

Background. Ye work is marked by high social signiZcance as the task of preserving life, physical and mental health, and psychological well-being of both people a[ected by emergency situations and specialists who provide the aid is especially topical. Year by year the modern world demonstrates many threats, dangers, risks and presents new challenges to people in ordinary life as well as in professional activity. Ye complexity of psychologist’s professional activity at the EMERCOM of Russia, the peculiarities of working conditions, the high cost of an error determine the relationship between the complex, multi-level training system and the e[ectiveness of psychological assistance to emergency situation provided to victims and to the employees of the EMERCOM of Russia. Objective. Ye aim of this article is to analyze the relationship between the requirements to profession and the system of specialist training; to describe the content and features of training at di[erent stages of professional development. Results. Ye article presents long-term results of the development of an integrated system of training for psychologists at the EMERCOM of Russia. Ye system aims to improve and maintain the e\ciency of activity, mental and physical health and professional longevity of a specialist. It includes participation of specialists in the implementation of higher professional education programmes at universities; development and implementation of professional psychological selection, taking into account the requirements for the personal qualities of a specialist and the psychogram of a psychologist at the EMERCOM of Russia; conducting a professional interview on theoretical and applied issues; providing adaptation for a specialist in the workplace through a developed system of mentoring, integration of a specialist into the service; introduction of a uniZed system of normative and methodological support for activities; implementation of the advanced training system and creation of conditions and opportunities for continuous improvement of professional skills. Conclusion. Ye training system of psychological service specialists is a complex, multi-level system of organizational and methodological measures. Its structure and features are determined by the requirements imposed by the conditions of professional activity. Ye ultimate goal of the specialists training in psychological service of the EMERCOM of Russia is to improve the quality of psychological assistance to the victims in emergency situations and to provide mental health, psychological well-being and professional longevity of psychologists

Health in the system of value orientations, health-saving practices and professional activities of medical workers

Introduction. The purpose of the work is to consider health as a social value of medical workers and to determine how much their own behavioral practices influence their professional activities.
 Materials and methods. The work was written using content analysis and secondary data analysis based on the results of studies published in Russian and foreign sources.
 Results. The study showed that the value orientations of medical professionals regarding health and a healthy lifestyle, as well as the conditions of professional activity and behavioral practices, are the determinants of the quality of medical care provided by medical professionals to their patients, including on healthy lifestyles, rejection of bad habits, physical activity and other health-saving practices.
 For citation: Ramensky PO, Smirnova EK. Health in the system of value orientations, health-saving practices and professional activities of medical workers // City Healthсare. 2022;3(4): 100–106 doi:10.47619/2713-2617.zm.2022.v.3i4;100–106

PhD Training Under Martial Law in Ukraine

The relevance of the article is due to the emergence of new challenges in PhD training in higher education institutions in the conditions of martial law. The purpose of the article is to determine the peculiarities of PhD training in higher education institutions of Ukraine in the conditions of martial law on the example of Sumy State Pedagogical University named after A.S. Makarenko. The systems approach was the leading one applied for identifying the factors, difficulties and types of support of the future Doctors of Philosophy. The article highlights the peculiarities of PhD training in Ukraine under the martial law; it distinguishes several aspects of PhD training; problems that arose in the implementation of the individual plan of educational-scientific work of a post-graduate student; support for post-graduate students. The materials of the article can be used by teachers involved in PhD training, who are forced to adapt to the new conditions of professional activity, for the heads of departments of post-graduate and doctoral studies.

Evaluation of incidence of organized team members under environmental and hygienic load and unfavorable labor

Bioclimatic comfort, anthropogenic load, conditions and nature of the labor process, lifestyle are among the main factors of the environment and professional activities of people. Purpose - to assess the incidence of persons of an organized team in the ecological and hygienic conditions of the city of Krasnoyarsk. Object - prevalence, primary incidence for the period 2016-2021. The state of anthropogenic pollution of the city territory was judged according to official sources. Assessed the working conditions and the nature of the labor process. The chemical load defines Krasnoyarsk as one of the leaders in the total morbidity of the region and as a risk area in the region in terms of morbidity exceeding the average. Uncomfortable living environment is noted for 9-10 months. The work of the observation group according to the degree of harmfulness and danger - class 3.3. In the structure of work, 80% of the time is mental [intellectual loads (3.2), emotional loads (3.2), work schedule (3.2)], physical activities, periodic long business trips with high emotional and physical stress. In the lifestyle of eating disorders, drinking alcohol, smoking. The prevalence of diseases was 1.6 times higher than in the adult population of Krasnoyarsk and (or) the region: a significant excess of 1.35-4.8 times in 6 classes and lower values of 1.2 times in 2 classes of diseases. In the primary morbidity, the leading pathologies were respiratory, genitourinary, musculoskeletal, trauma and poisoning (including the consequences of external causes), hearing aid, the share of which in the structure reached 80.3%. With the exception of the pathology of the hearing aid, it reflected the incidence of the adult population of the Krasnoyarsk Territory, as well as the dynamics of long-term morbidity. The peculiarities of morbidity in a cohort of an organized team are determined by their initial state of health, conditions of professional activity and lifestyle. The need to assess the health risk of the influence of synergistic factors of habitability of the population is actualized, taking into account the characteristics of professional activity and lifestyle.

Troubles musculosquelettiques, pratique instrumentale et ressentis des musiciens d’orchestre professionnels en confinement dû à la COVID-19

IntroductionProfessional orchestra musicians frequently suffer from musculoskeletal disorders related to their working conditions. In the spring of 2020, the lockdown and the interruption of their professional activities because of the COVID-19 pandemic could have presented an opportunity for them to recuperate but could also have increased their professional uncertainty and been a source of negative emotions. ObjectiveThe first objective is to evaluate the evolution of musicians’ musculoskeletal disorders in relation to the interruption of their professional activities due to COVID-19. The second is to examine the impact of professional uncertainty caused by the pandemic on their instrument practice as a function of the emotions it generated. MethodA questionnaire concerning instrument practice and musculoskeletal disorders was completed by 439 French orchestra musicians in 2019 (period of professional activity). During lockdown (April 2020), a second questionnaire measuring these variables as well as professional uncertainty, emotions, emotional exhaustion, and the lockdown experience was completed by 172 musicians. ResultsInstrument practice and musculoskeletal disorders decreased between the periods of activity and lockdown. Professional uncertainty during lockdown correlated with negative emotions. Emotional exhaustion mediated the relations between uncertainty and the effort perceived when practicing one's instrument on the one hand and the pleasure experienced during practice on the other. ConclusionFor orchestra musicians in lockdown, uncertainty was related to negative emotions. Playing their instrument required more effort and was not associated with well-being, emphasizing the difficulties regarding the resumption of their professional activity in conditions which would limit the risk of injury.

The effect of separate and combined action of lead oxide and gamma radiation on immunological reactivity and biochemical processes in the organs of immunogenesis

Background: The problem of the effects of ionizing radiation on the human body in the conditions of professional activity has attracted increased interest in recent years. This article is devoted to the study of the results of the influence of negative environmental factors on a living organism in real conditions, which is almost always combined. Objective: to evaluate the effect of separate and combined exposure to low doses of ionizing gamma radiation and oral intake of lead (IV) oxide into the body on the activity of oxidative, antioxidant mechanisms and cellular immunity in the experiment.Materials and methods: Studies were conducted on 120 white mongrel sexually mature rats: 4 groups of equal numbers, males weighing 180-270 g. The state of lipid peroxidation and antioxidant protection was assessed in the tissues of the thymus and spleen. The state of antioxidant protection was assessed by the activity of catalase, glutathione reductase and glutathione peroxidase in the same tissues. Indicators characterizing the cellular link of immunity were determined in all experimental animals. 

The influence of underwater work on the functions of attention, thinking, fine muscle coordination and subjective assessment of the state of the body of divers

Introduction. Currently, there is an increasing need for the study and development of the World Ocean, including for the purpose of laying deep-water pipelines, searching for new sources of minerals, etc. The performance of special tasks by divers at great depths has its own characteristics. The high cost of error, harmful working conditions - all this dictate the need for continuous receipt and analysis of scientific material on the preservation and promotion of health, ensuring their longevity, as well as the adaptation of divers to the nature and conditions of professional activity in order to prevent the occurrence of errors. The study aims to explore the functions of attention and thinking of a person, his fine muscular coordination and subjective assessment of the state of the body of divers, as elements of the functional state of the body, when working underwater. Materials and methods. We examined 18 divers, divided into two groups: the first - ten people made daily descents to a depth of 18 m, the second group - eight people dived to a depth of 56 m. Before and after diving, the divers underwent a psychophysiological examination to assess the function of attention (the method of the correction test with Landolt rings), the function of thinking (the method of the arithmetic test "addition in mind"), fine muscle coordination (the method of macrography) and subjective assessment of the state (the SAN questionnaire (state of health - activity-mood)). Results. During diving operations, there was a decrease in subjective self-assessment of the state of the body (SAN test), an increase in the number of errors (correction test with Landolt rings - attention function) and the values of the height index of numbers (macrography technique - fine muscle coordination), a decrease in the speed of thinking depending on the depth, the multiplicity of diving descents, as well as the dive itself (regardless from depth and multiplicity) on the functional state of divers. There were most pronounced changes during prolonged work (3-5 days or more) and when diving to a depth of 56 m. Conclusion. The dynamics of objective indicators and subjective assessment of the state of the body indicates that with an increase in the depth of immersion (from 18 to 56 m), the multiplicity of diving descents (daily immersion for 5 days) and the dive itself, the self-esteem of the state, the speed of thinking, attention, fine muscle coordination decreases. Ethics. The study was conducted in compliance with the Ethical principles of conducting medical research with human participation as a subject, set out in the Helsinki Declaration of the World Medical Association.

LEUKOGRAM AND ESR INDICATORS IN PERSONS WORKING IN VARIOUS INDUSTRIES DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

We compared the indicators of leukogram and ESR in the second year of the COVID-19 pandemic (2021) among employees of two institutions: SF "Peremoga Nova" Poultry Farm (15 people) and the State Fire and Rescue Squad (22 people). The workers of the poultry farm showed certain signs of the development of pro-inflammatory processes (an increase in the level of monocytes and ESR). Such signs are absent in the employees of the fire and rescue squad, which allows us to consider the conditions of professional activity as the main etiological factor of the identified trends. Emotional stress caused by the COVID-19 pandemic could be an additional trigger for the identified trends.

ТЕОРЕТИЧНЕ ОБҐРУНТУВАННЯ МОДЕЛІ ФОРМУВАННЯ СОЦІАЛЬНО-РЕАБІЛІТАЦІЙНОЇ КОМПЕТЕНТНОСТІ В МАЙБУТНІХ СОЦІАЛЬНИХ ПРАЦІВНИКІВ

The system of vocational education is at the stage of modernization, and the formation of professional competence of future professionals is a fully unrealized reserve the actualization of which will improve the quality of higher education training of future social workers. The purpose of the study was to develop a model of formation of future social workers’ social rehabilitation competence; the model’s in question integration into practice is designed to ensure the improvement of professional development of social workers in educational activities. The article analyzes the scientific literature on professional training of future social workers and uses a modeling method to design a model that, in our opinion, will ensure the consistent development of value, content, cognitive and procedural components of future social workers’ social rehabilitation competence. It is proved that the formation of social rehabilitation competence is provided by approaching the real conditions of professional activity during the internship period. The presented model of formation of social rehabilitation competence of future social workers allows to approach the process of their professional training holistically, and its implementation will successfully form the social rehabilitation competence of future social workers, which is a necessary component of training.

Creative productivity of elderly scientists

The article presents the results of studying the personality characteristics of elderly scientists who have maintained scientific productivity for a long time. The problem that has to be solved and has got a huge scientific and practical significance is to find the psychological preconditions for the peak achievements of scientists and to define the social and psychological factors that contribute to maintaining the high productivity of elderly scientists for a long time.The aim of the study is to determine the key personality traits of famous elderly scientists at the stages of their professional development.Research methods. The presented data were obtained using the research interview “Life Values and Life Path”, developed by V.S.  Mukhina. Empirical material was collected in the course of interviewing famous Russian scientists of older age (from 65 to 94 years old), involved in research activities and making a significant contribution to the development of the humanities and technical sciences. When forming the sample, we followed the logic of V.S. Mukhina, who interviewed older scientists who are the founders and leaders of well-known scientific schools, who have a doctorate in science, the academic title of professor, membership in the academy of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences or Russian Academy of Education and continue active scientific work. Data on the peak achievements of older scientists were taken from the scientometric databases of the Russian Science Citation Index and the Russian State Library.Results. The data representing the peak achievements of the elderly scientists were taken from the scientometric databases and interpreted according to the provisions of differential and acmeological analysis for professional activities of scientists. The analysis of interviews, autobiographical descriptions and peak achievements of the elderly scientists allowed to reveal that the peak achievement (acme) is the joint result of psychological preconditions (personal traits of scientists, physical conditions) and social conditions of professional activity (social status of a scientist, belonging to a scientific school, availability of organizational and financial resources). The several productive periods, which are called within the acmeology field as “micro-acme”, can be indicated in the scientific work of elderly scientists throughout the period of their scientific activity. At the same time, the peak achievements of scientists as a rule are spaced in time with an optimal combination of preconditions and conditions for scientific creativity.

Psychological Safety of the Individual in Normal and Extreme Conditions of Professional Activity: Neurophysiological Aspects

Psychological signs of professional safety in special conditions of professional activity are considered in the context of comparison of specificity of performance of professional activity in normal and special (extreme) conditions and disclosure of specific requirements to experts of professions of risk group are considered. It is noted that human activity in special conditions is associated with mental stress and is often accompanied by stress. The purpose of the study is to summarize, classify and determine the relevance of the Ukrainian theory and practice of occupational safety against the background of the latest trends and challenges. It is emphasized that the process of overcoming an emotionally stressful situation depends on the mental states of a person, the integral characteristic of which in certain conditions forms a neuro-functional state; the algorithm of the analysis of stay of the person in emotionally-tense situations is considered; outlined quantitative and qualitative indicators of the result of activities in special conditions that determine its quality, productivity and reliability; the content of the professional norm, the main figure of observance of which is a person is determined. It is stated that performing professional activities in special conditions is often combined with danger to health and life. Appearance of stressful situations, require the employee to use individual resources (personal, cognitive, social and instrumental) to overcome them. Ensuring human life in special conditions requires the use of adaptive resources of the specialist, which ensure the activation of productive processes, and determine the construct of occupational health of the individual specialist.

Формування інклюзивної компетентності у майбутніх соціальних працівників

The successiveness of work in inclusive environment depends from the number of factors and from the inclusive competence at first. Wide implementation of ideas of inclusion in modern society demands making changes in the process of preparation of future specialist, where the problem of formation of inclusive competence of applicants of higher education gets special meaning. The essence, problems and ways of formation of inclusive competence in future social workers as the increasing of quality of provision of social services in conditions of inclusive environment are described in this article. The problem of formation of inclusive competence of future social worker is integrated personality formation on the basis of inclusive knowledge, special inclusive skills and abilities, professional and personally important qualities, personal motivation, mastering technologies, which cause his readiness and ability to professional activity in conditions of inclusive environment, combining accumulated knowledge and skills with modern innovational approaches. The solution of mentioned problem is in implementation of a number of measures in IHE. They are: first-rate direction to the proper system of preparation to work in the inclusive environment, adjustment of educational plans and introduction of disciplines with inclusive component, making new accents in organization of extra-curricular activity, implementation of interactive methods of teaching and internship, directing to work of students’ centers together with youth with special needs, involvement to volunteers work with people with invalidity.

EDUCATIONAL AND SCIENTIFIC FACTOR OF FORMATION OF CREATIVE ECONOMY AND SOCIAL SAFETY (WAYS OF IMPLEMENTATION)

The article notes that recently there has been a growing trend of the role of educational and scientific potential in the socio-economic development of the country. The essence of this potential and the factors of its growth are revealed. These factors affect the development of the economy and the achievement of social safety – important prerequisites for improving living standards. It is emphasized that a special role in achieving the latter belongs to education in general and higher, in particular, which provides the formation of students' creative thinking, the ability to independently search, produce the necessary information to acquire knowledge. In this aspect, the importance of the introduction of innovative and interactive technologies in educational activities is revealed, which improves the training of graduates of educational institutions for future professional activities. It is emphasized that these technologies should cover both theoretical and practical issues related to the organization of the educational process, as well as teaching aids. Training in these conditions should have a positive impact not only on overcoming the country's economic crisis, but also on achieving social safety. The article presents the structure of social safety, reveals the essence of each of its indicators, provides the dynamics of relevant indicators, including relative poverty, unemployment; food consumption in Ukrainian households as a percentage of total consumer expenditures. The factors and principles, the observance of which promotes the functioning of social safety in the country, overcoming the threats, challenges and dangers of its achievement are given. Among the factors of social safety, significant attention is paid to resource, including financial, provision and its diversification. Revealing the existing shortcomings in the development of educational and scientific factors of economic growth and social safety, the article substantiates ways to overcome them, namely: strengthening the orientation of the training system to create an innovative product at each workplace, forming an optimal environment; active involvement of pupils and students in the process of their self-development, increasing the fundamentality of education, which would allow each future specialist to successfully adapt to new conditions of professional activity, to life in these conditions.